What is DNB in Orthopedics? Everything You Should Know

Estimated reading time: 4 minutes

Being an MBBS graduate, you dream of becoming an orthopedic surgeon. However, you are still confused about which postgraduate path you should take. You may then have heard of DNB Orthopedics. But what exactly is it? How is it different from MS Orthopedics? Who can apply, and what kind of training does it involve?

What is DNB Orthopedics?

DNB stands for Diplomate of the National Board. It is a postgraduate qualification awarded by the National Board of Examinations under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.
DNB Orthopedics is a three-year postgraduate course that prepares physicians in the diagnosis, management, and treatment of the musculoskeletal system, which includes bones, joints, muscles, tendons, and ligaments.
After completing this program, a DNB Orthopedics doctor is considered equivalent to an MS Orthopedics graduate, as per MCI/NMC and Government of India guidelines.

Eligibility Criteria

Educational qualification: MBBS degree from a recognised medical college or university.
Registration: Permanent or provisional registration with the Medical Council of India or State Medical Council.
Entrance test: The candidate should qualify for the NEET-PG conducted by the NBE. Admission to this course is granted strictly based on NEET PG RANK via Centralised Counselling.

Course Duration

3 years: For candidates joining after MBBS.
2 years: For candidates who have already completed a Diploma in Orthopedics D. Ortho.

The time spent here will be utilised for extensive clinical training, participation in research work, and learning directly from senior consultants and surgeons.

Also Read: Targeting DNB OSCE Exam? Why Conceptual Orthopaedics is Your Ultimate Preparation Partner

Training Structure: What the 3 Years Look Like

A. First Year (Junior Residency)

The first year is mainly focuses on orthopedic basics, fracture care, trauma management, and assisting in surgeries.

B. Second Year (Intermediate Phase)

Focuses on advanced areas like arthroscopy, spine, and joint replacement with more clinical responsibility.
Includes seminars, journal clubs, and case discussions for deeper learning.

C. Third Year (Senior Residency)

You’ll be doing surgeries on your own under supervision, take up teaching responsibilities, and finish your thesis.
You’ll also start seriously preparing for your theory and practical exams.

Assessment and Exams

Exams for DNB in Orthopedics are extensive and practical as well.

Theory Exams:

There are four papers that test your knowledge of:

Basic orthopedic sciences
Traumatology
Orthopaedic diseases of the limbs and spine
Recent advances and rehabilitation techniques

Practical Exams:

The practical examination consists of long and short cases, spotters, and OSCE, which assesses your clinical approach and problem-solving skills rather than merely your memory.

Life After DNB Orthopedics: Career Options

Once you’ve completed your DNB, the opportunities are wide open. You can:

Work in hospitals, trauma centres, or private practice as an orthopedic consultant or surgeon.

Pursue fellowships in the following areas:
Arthroscopy & Sports Medicine
Spine Surgery
Joint Replacement
Pediatric Orthopedics
Hand & Microsurgery

How to Do Well in DNB Orthopedics?

Here are a few tips which can make your journey smoother:

Fortify your fundamentals: know your anatomy, fracture mechanics, and the principles of implants clearly.
Practice OSCEs regularly; they form a key part of your final exams.
Be active in the wards and operating theatres — experience is the best teacher.

Dear doctors, DNB Orthopedics is a tough but deeply rewarding journey. It shapes you into a confident surgeon who can diagnose, treat, and operate with skill and precision.

Are you wondering how to prepare for DNB and other exams? Subscribe to Conceptual Orthopedics and start acing your residency.

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